Poppers are recreational drugs that people inhale to experience a rush of euphoria, relaxation, or enhanced sexual pleasure. They are typically made with amyl nitrite or similar substances, and the effects include dizziness, warm sensations, increased heart rate, and headaches. While poppers are not physically addictive, they can lead to serious health problems and even death in some cases. Given the potential risks associated with poppers, it is important to understand their impact before considering their use as a cologne or for any other purpose.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Smell | Solvent-like, fruity, sickly sweet, or like dirty socks |
Taste | Not to be tasted or swallowed |
Texture | Liquid |
Container | Small glass or plastic bottles |
Colour | Clear, gold, or yellowish |
Effects | Euphoria, light-headedness, increased heart rate, warm sensations, dizziness, lowered inhibitions, skin irritation, etc. |
Side Effects | Headaches, sinus pressure, eye problems, skin irritation, nausea, disorientation, etc. |
Addictiveness | Not physically or chemically addictive, but may become behaviourally addictive |
Legality | Legal to sell as non-consumables, but illegal to sell for consumption in the US and UK |
What You'll Learn
Poppers' effects on the body
Poppers, or amyl nitrite, are a liquid drug that can give an instant high when inhaled. They are typically considered unsafe for people to take. The effects of poppers include:
- Euphoria and muscle relaxation
- Increased blood flow to the head (a head rush)
- Increased sex drive and skin sensitivity
- Feelings of sickness and faintness
- Increased heart rate
- Warm sensations throughout the body
- Dizziness
- Lightheadedness
- Headaches
- Sinus pressure
- Eye problems
- Skin irritation
- Loss of consciousness
- Nausea
- Loss of coordination
- Nosebleeds
- Chest pains
Poppers can also cause more serious complications, including:
- Chemical burns
- Eye damage
- Medication interactions
- Higher-risk behaviour
- Methemoglobinemia
- Fatal "sudden sniffing death syndrome"
- Brain or eye damage
- Risky sexual behaviour
- Temporary or permanent vision loss
- Increased risk of certain cancers
- Organ failure
- Stroke
- Heart attack
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Poppers' side effects
Poppers, or amyl nitrite, are a liquid drug that can cause a range of side effects, some of which can be severe and even fatal.
The most common side effects of poppers include:
- Euphoria and muscle relaxation
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Increased heart rate
- Warm sensations throughout the body
- Flushing of the face and neck
- Headaches
- Sinus pressure
- Skin irritation or burns
- Eye problems, such as light sensitivity and blind spots
- Loss of vision
- Weakened immune system
- Increased risk of certain cancers
In addition, poppers can cause a life-threatening blood disorder called methemoglobinemia, which affects the ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body. This condition can lead to serious organ damage.
Mixing poppers with alcohol or certain medications, such as erectile dysfunction drugs, can also lead to dangerous drops in blood pressure, increasing the risk of stroke, heart attack, or death.
It is important to note that poppers are not regulated by the FDA and there is no safe dose recommended. The use of poppers carries significant risks, and it is advised that anyone considering their use discusses the potential dangers with a healthcare provider.
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Poppers' legal status
The legal status of poppers varies across different jurisdictions. In the US, the sale of poppers for recreational use is illegal, but an unregulated industry has emerged over the last 50 years. Poppers manufacturers have marketed their goods as serving alternative "commercial purposes", such as room odorizers, leather cleaners, and nail polish removers, to get around the statutory ban.
In the UK, poppers are not illegal, nor is their manufacture or sale. However, the UK government has shown resistance to legislating definitively on poppers' legal status. In 2016, the Psychoactive Substances Act was passed, initially believed to create a blanket ban on the production, supply, and importation of poppers. However, this was later reversed, and poppers were excluded from the Act.
In Australia, poppers were also proposed to be banned in 2018, but after facing fierce backlash from the LGBTQ+ community, the government instead implemented a requirement for a doctor's prescription for most alkyl nitrites and pharmacist approval for therapeutic use of amyl nitrite.
Poppers are sold in nightclubs, bars, sex shops, drug paraphernalia head shops, and online. While it is illegal under the Medicines Act 1968 to sell them for human consumption, they are rarely enforced by governments across the world.
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Poppers' history
Poppers, or amyl nitrite, is a liquid drug that can cause an instant high when inhaled. The drug can cause euphoric effects and act as a sex enhancer by relaxing the anal muscles. The effects of poppers include dizziness, warm sensations, an increased heart rate, and headaches.
The history of poppers can be traced back to the 19th century when French chemist Antoine Balard first synthesized amyl nitrite in 1844. British chemist Frederick Guthrie described other physical effects of the drug, such as throbbing arteries, flushing of the face, and increased heart rate. In 1864, British physiologist Benjamin Ward Richardson was the first to suggest that the chemical caused vasodilation.
In 1867, Scottish physician Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton brought together all the prior research on amyl nitrite and outlined its medical applications. Brunton found that amyl nitrite had the effect of dilating blood vessels and flushing of the face. He also discovered that it could be used to treat angina pectoris, a common symptom of cardiac disease characterized by chest pain. During angina spells, patients would crush glass ampoules containing amyl nitrite, allowing the chemical to soak through a cloth and be inhaled. The sound of breaking glass gave rise to the term "poppers."
Amyl nitrite was originally marketed as a prescription drug in 1937 but was later approved as an over-the-counter drug by the FDA in 1960. However, due to increased recreational use, the prescription requirement was reinstated in 1969. Despite the regulations, poppers became widely popular in the 1970s, especially in the gay community. They were commonly found in clubs, bars, and bathhouses, and were known to enhance sexual pleasure and reduce inhibitions.
In the late 1970s, popper use spread beyond the gay community, with reports of use among heterosexuals as well. By the 1980s, poppers had become a staple of the disco scene and were often sprayed through the air in clubs. However, concerns about their potential link to the AIDS epidemic led to increased scrutiny and attempts to ban the substance. Despite the controversies, poppers have persisted and continue to be used recreationally, particularly within the LGBTQ+ community.
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Poppers' alternatives
While poppers are not meant to be used as a cologne, their scent is often described as fruity, sickly sweet, or like dirty socks.
Poppers are a group of chemicals that people inhale to get high. They are typically made with amyl nitrite or similar substances and are usually sold in small glass or plastic bottles. The effects of poppers include a feeling of euphoria, muscle relaxation, dizziness, warm sensations, an increased heart rate, and headaches.
- Deep breathing or other relaxation techniques
- Progressive muscle relaxation
- Mindfulness meditation
- Lubrication during sex
- Communication before, during, and after sex
- Foreplay, including kissing, licking, rimming, edging, and playing with sex toys
- Learning breathing exercises to help relax muscles
It is important to note that poppers are associated with several health risks and side effects. They can cause chemical burns, eye damage, medication interactions, and methemoglobinemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. Repeated or prolonged use can also lead to skin irritation and a weakened immune system.
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