
Queen Elizabeth I was known for her love of perfumes, which were often made at home using recipes from household books. She was introduced to the world of fragrances by the Earl of Oxford, who brought her a pair of perfumed gloves from Venice in 1566. Elizabeth fell in love with the scent and invited Venetian perfumers to England to create custom fragrances for her. The trend quickly spread throughout the country, with the queen's perfumes featuring aromas of civet, rose, musk, ambergris, benzoin, and more. These fragrances were not just limited to her person, but also extended to her courthalls and even soaps.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Name of the perfume | "Queen's Delight" |
| Ingredients | Musk, rose, civet, benzoin, tuberose, jasmine, lily, ambergris, vanilla, pepper, Peru balsam, cardamom, sandalwood, clove, cocoa, orange blossom, violet, iris, Bulgarian rose |
| Perfumers | Venetian traders, Lubin |
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What You'll Learn

The scent was called ''Queen's Delight'
During the Elizabethan era, exotic goods and perfumery ingredients from around the world made their way into Europe. Venetian traders were beckoned to Southampton by Queen Elizabeth I, offering scented wares such as musk and rose-scented pomanders and sachets. The scent of the Queen's perfume was called "Queen's Delight".
The scent of Queen Elizabeth's perfume was carefully crafted to reflect her image and reign. The white lily, daisies, and jessamine in her perfume symbolised virginity and purity. Through the use of lily and rose, the perfume portrayed the Queen's earthly kingdom, while musk and ambergris represented the heavenly realm.
The Earl of Oxford introduced the fashion of perfumed gloves to England, bringing a pair of scented gloves from Venice as a gift for the Queen in 1566. Elizabeth fell in love with the scent, known as "Lord of Oxford's perfume", and it soon gained popularity across England, appearing in various soap and decoction recipes.
The Venetian perfumers were invited to England to create bespoke fragrances for the Queen, and the scent of civet, rose, and benzoin filled her courthalls. The aroma of pomanders also became prevalent during this time.
The scent "Queen's Delight" encapsulated the essence of Queen Elizabeth I's reign and personality, utilising the newly introduced exotic ingredients and symbolic fragrances to create a unique and memorable perfume.
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Venetian traders brought exotic ingredients
During the Elizabethan era, exotic goods and never-before-seen perfumery ingredients arrived in England from around the world. Venetian traders brought exotic ingredients such as musk, rose, civet, benzoin, and ambergris to England, which became popular scents among the nobility.
Queen Elizabeth I was particularly fond of scented wares offered by Venetian traders in Southampton. She is said to have been so enamoured with the scented gloves brought to England by the Earl of Oxford in 1566 that she had Venetian perfumers brought to England to create custom fragrances for her.
The scent of pomanders, in particular, became popular in Elizabeth's courthalls, and recipes for fragrances were often found in household books alongside food and medicine recipes. Elizabeth's interest in perfumes extended beyond personal enjoyment, as she studied the symbolic meaning of various herbs and creatures associated with her, such as the phoenix, peacock, and roses.
The influx of exotic goods during the Elizabethan era revolutionized perfumery in England, with ingredients like vanilla, pepper, Peru balsam, cardamom, sandalwood, clove, and cocoa being introduced and used in fragrant creations. This era marked a significant shift in English mores, with perfumes playing a pivotal role in shaping the cultural landscape.
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Musk and rose were key notes
During the Elizabethan era, exotic goods, including perfumery ingredients, started arriving in England from all over the world. Venetian traders were beckoned to Southampton by Queen Elizabeth I to offer their scented wares. It became fashionable to wear musk and rose-scented pomanders and sachets.
The scent of musk and rose was a key note in Queen Elizabeth I's perfume. The Venetian perfumers she summoned to England worked on her perfumes, and the aroma of pomanders swiftly rose in her courthalls, along with perfumes of civet, rose, and benzoin. The ambassador of Venice wrote to the Doge that the Queen bathed once a month, "whether she needs to or not".
The use of musk and rose in Queen Elizabeth I's perfume was also symbolic. Through the lily and the rose, she represented her earthly kingdom, and through musk and ambergris, she joined the heavenly one.
The trend of scented gloves also began during this time. The Earl of Oxford brought a pair of perfumed gloves from Venice, which he offered to the Queen, and the trend quickly spread throughout England.
While specific recipes for Queen Elizabeth I's perfumes may not be readily available, we can gain insight into the key notes of musk and rose through historical accounts and the trends that emerged during her reign. These scents were not only fashionable but also carried symbolic significance, reflecting the Queen's sense of beauty and her influence on the collective unconscious of her entire country.
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It was used to mask odours
Perfumes in Queen Elizabeth I's time were largely used to mask unpleasant odours. Lingering, heavy scents like tuberose, jasmine, musk, civet, rose, benzoin, and ambergris were particularly popular for this reason. The Queen's love of perfume was sparked by a pair of scented gloves brought back from Venice by the Earl of Oxford in 1566. She was so enamoured with the fragrance that she invited Venetian perfumers to England to create scents for her, including the popular aroma of pomanders.
The Elizabethan era saw an influx of exotic goods arriving from around the world, including luxurious perfumery ingredients such as vanilla, pepper, Peru balsam, cardamom, sandalwood, clove, and cocoa. These new ingredients were used to create fragrances, with heady scents like musk and rose becoming fashionable. The use of perfume extended beyond personal scent, with pomanders and sachets also used to mask unpleasant odours.
The Virgin Queen was also interested in the symbolic meaning of herbs and creatures, such as the phoenix, peacock, and roses, which were often painted alongside her. The white lily, daisies, and jessamine were used to exalt her virginity, while musk and ambergris symbolised her heavenly reign.
Queen Elizabeth I's love of perfume and scented gloves sparked a trend in England, with fragrance recipes appearing in household books alongside food and medicine recipes. The popularity of perfume during this era was not only due to its pleasant scent but also its ability to mask unpleasant odours, contributing to its widespread adoption.
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It was recreated in 2011 by Lubin
Elizabethan England saw an influx of exotic goods arriving from around the world, including luxurious, never-before-seen perfumery ingredients. Venetian traders were invited to Southampton by the Queen to offer their scented wares, and it became fashionable to wear musk and rose-scented pomanders and sachets.
Elizabethan recipes for fragrances were often found in household books, alongside food and medicine recipes. These fragrances would have been made at home, and the Queen's perfume was likely no exception. The scent may have been inspired by the symbolic meaning of various herbs, as the Queen studied this alongside John Dee.
The recreation of the Queen's perfume by Lubin is a testament to the enduring fascination with the scents of the Elizabethan era and the legacy of Queen Elizabeth I's fragrance choices.
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Frequently asked questions
Queen Elizabeth I was known to enjoy the scent of musk and rose-scented pomanders and sachets. She also had a pair of perfumed gloves from Venice, which she loved so much that the trend quickly spread throughout England.
Apart from the Venetian perfumed gloves, Queen Elizabeth I also used perfumes made from civet, rose, and benzoin. She also bathed in scented water.
During the Elizabethan era, exotic goods, including perfumery ingredients, started arriving from all over the world. These included vanilla, pepper, Peru balsam, cardamom, sandalwood, clove, and cocoa.
Perfumes were used to mask awful odours. They were also used to signify wealth and status.
Queen Elizabeth II wore Guerlain L'Heure Bleue, a spicy citrus with a powdery dry down. She also wore Creed Fleurissimo, Chloe Narcisse, Elizabeth Arden Blue Grass, and Bijan By Bijan For Women.











































