
Chinese perfume pouches, also known as xiang bao or perfume sachets, are traditional crafts made during the Dragon Boat Festival. They are good luck talismans worn on the body or hung to ward off evil spirits and insects. They can be made from cloth, ribbon, or paper, and traditional Chinese medicines such as mugwort, realgar, and wormwood are placed inside. In ancient times, they contained storax, benzoin, cloves, and other herbal fragrances. In modern times, they are commonly placed in wardrobes, cupboards, and drawers to keep bad odors away.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Name | Xiang bao (香包) |
| Other Names | Perfume sachets, scent bag, sweet bag, potpourri, perfume cushion, fragrant bag, dream pillow |
| Use | Worn to absorb sweat, token of love, good luck talisman, to ward off bad spirits and insects |
| Materials | Cloth, ribbon, paper, traditional Chinese medicine (mugwort, realgar, wormwood), whole herbs or spices (rosemary, cinnamon, cloves, star anise), essential oils, perfume |
| Placement | On the body, hung in wardrobes, cupboards, drawers, near the trashcan, in the bathroom, or under the sink |
| Scent Duration | 2-3 weeks, can be refreshed by adding more essential oil; up to 9 months if sealed |
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What You'll Learn

Choosing the right materials, like cloth, ribbon, paper, or muslin
The materials you choose for your Chinese perfume pouch depend on your preferences and how you want it to look. Traditionally, perfume pouches were made with coloured silk, silk threads, and gold and silver beads. They were also decorated with embroidery, ranging from floral and small animal designs to patterns of musical instruments, books, utensils, and romantic figures.
If you want to follow the traditional design, you can choose from a variety of lightweight fabrics, such as cotton (preferably lightweight), Swiss cotton, lightweight synthetic blends, organza, or muslin. You can also use coloured silk, as this was a common material used during the Tang Dynasty. If you want to add decorations, choose some gold and silver beads to sew onto your pouch.
If you don't want to sew your pouch, you can use paper to make a quick no-sew sachet. Take a rectangular piece of sturdy paper, fold it in half, and secure the long sides with double-sided tape to create a pouch. You can also use a lightweight bag, such as a small muslin bag, or a paper tea filter, and tie it closed with a ribbon. This way, you can still create a perfume pouch without any sewing.
Another option is to use leather, as this was the most common material for nangbao, a type of small bag used to carry items in ancient China. However, leather may not be as suitable if you want to create a lightweight perfume pouch.
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Picking a scent: essential oils, traditional Chinese medicine, or whole herbs and spices
Chinese perfume pouches, also known as xiangbao, are valued items that are often exchanged between lovers. They are usually made from cloth, ribbon, paper, silk, silk threads, and gold and silver beads. The scent of these pouches can come from essential oils, traditional Chinese medicine, or whole herbs and spices.
When choosing a scent for your Chinese perfume pouch, you can opt for essential oils, which offer a wide range of aromatic options. Essential oils are highly concentrated plant extracts that provide intense and long-lasting fragrances. You can select essential oils based on your favourite aromas or those with therapeutic properties associated with traditional Chinese medicine.
Traditional Chinese medicine offers a unique approach to scent selection. Herbs and spices with medicinal properties are used not only for their fragrance but also for their healing benefits. Mugwort, realgar, and wormwood are commonly used in Chinese medicine and are believed to ward off evil spirits and insects. These medicinal pouches are known for their ability to induce resuscitation, invigorate organs, and prevent diseases, among other therapeutic properties.
Whole herbs and spices can also be used to scent your Chinese perfume pouch. Cinnabar, calamus, chrysanthemum, and sweet grass are some of the commonly used ingredients. These natural ingredients not only provide a pleasant aroma but may also offer insect-repellent properties. Additionally, you can include spices like cloves, cinnamon, or star anise for a warmer, spicier fragrance.
When selecting a scent for your Chinese perfume pouch, consider the symbolism and traditional meanings associated with different herbs and spices. For example, the Chinese symbol for frog, found inside some pouches, is pronounced similarly to the word for "baby," making it a blessing for a newborn. Similarly, the golden fish symbol originates from Buddhist culture and represents happiness, fertility, and conjugal harmony.
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How to make the perfume last longer
Xiang bao, or perfume sachets, are a traditional craft made during the Dragon Boat Festival. They are good-luck talismans worn on the body or hung to ward off bad spirits and insects. To make a Chinese perfume pouch, you can use cloth, ribbon, or paper, and place traditional Chinese medicines such as mugwort, realgar, and wormwood inside.
Now, to make the perfume in your pouch last longer, here are some tips and tricks:
Storage
Store your perfume in a cool, dark place, such as a wardrobe, a box, or even the fridge. Avoid exposing it to harsh sunlight or warm, humid temperatures, as this can alter the ingredients.
Skin Type and Application
Skin type can influence how long a perfume lasts. Darker skin tones tend to hold onto scents longer due to having more natural oils. If you have lighter skin, apply a moisturizing cream to your pulse points before spraying your perfume. These pulse points include the wrists and neck, where the body naturally radiates heat and has a closer blood flow to the surface. Hydrated skin provides a better base for the fragrance to settle onto, so remember to moisturize!
Concentration and Notes
Perfumes with higher concentrations, such as Eau de Parfum, tend to last longer (up to 6-8 hours) compared to Eau de Toilette or Eau de Cologne, which may only last 3-4 hours. Additionally, base notes like musk, sweet, and wood notes linger longer, while top notes like citrus and light florals evaporate more quickly.
Individual Body Chemistry
Remember that everyone's body chemistry is unique, and this will influence how a perfume interacts with your skin.
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The history and meaning of perfume pouches
The history of the Chinese perfume pouch, commonly called xiangnang, xiangbao, or hebao, can be traced back to the Dragon Boat Festival, which falls on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month. It is believed that the use of xiangbao is a long tradition of the Han Chinese, dating back to ancient times when people carried medicine bags while hunting to ward off poisonous insects.
The tradition of carrying xiangbao is also linked to the Duanwu festival, where the pouches were filled with fragrant herbs and embroidered with the patterns of the Five Poisons. These pouches were meant to ward off evil spirits and bring wealth and good fortune to their carriers. According to legend, these perfume pouches were also created to commemorate Qu Yuan, a poet who drowned himself in the Miluo River. Out of sympathy, people in the neighbouring Qin made and carried pouches filled with sweet grass and perfumes that Qu Yuan loved.
During the Tang Dynasty, women in rural areas would make perfume pouches from coloured silk, silk threads, and gold and silver beads annually on the 4th lunar month. By the Qing Dynasty, the perfume pouch was used daily, with nearly everyone carrying a xiangbao, regardless of social class, age, or gender. The Manchu people also considered perfume pouches a token of love, and it was customary for young lovers to exchange handmade pouches.
In present-day China, xiangbao are still valued as traditional gifts or tokens of fortune. They are often made with fine cloth, colourful strings, and traditional Chinese-style decorations, such as floral and small animal embroidery. The Dragon Boat Festival continues to be an occasion for creating these perfume sachets, which are worn on the body or hung up to ward off evil spirits and insects.
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Where to place your perfume pouch
Chinese perfume pouches, also known as xiangnang, xiangbao, or hebao, have been valued for centuries and can be placed in various locations depending on their purpose and cultural context.
On the Body
Perfume pouches have been traditionally worn on the body as a form of adornment and for their pleasant fragrance. They can be attached to girdles, hung around the neck, or carried in pockets. In the past, young men wore them on their girdles as a sign of respect for their parents and in-laws. They have also been used as a preventive measure in traditional Chinese medicine, worn on the body to ward off evil spirits, insects, and diseases.
In the Home
Perfume pouches can be hung in the home to freshen the air and repel insects. They are often hung near windows or doors, allowing the fragrance to permeate the living space.
As Gifts
Chinese perfume pouches are also exchanged as gifts between lovers or presented to guests during weddings. In the past, young women would give handmade perfume pouches to their lovers as tokens of love and affection. Brides from Yunnan's ethnic minorities would prepare perfume pouches before their wedding and bring them to their groom's home, often filling them with items like ginkgo nuts, peanuts, and sweets to symbolise the hope of having children soon.
During Festivals
Perfume pouches are traditionally crafted and worn during the Dragon Boat Festival (Duanwu Festival), which falls on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month. They are believed to bring good luck, wealth, and protection against evil spirits and insects. The festival is associated with the ancient poet Qu Yuan, and the pouches are filled with perfumes and sweet grass that he was said to have loved.
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Frequently asked questions
A Chinese perfume pouch, also known as a Xiang bao or perfume sachet, is a traditional craft made during the Dragon Boat Festival. They are good luck talismans worn on the body or hung to ward off bad spirits and insects.
You can make Chinese perfume pouches out of cloth, ribbon, or paper. You can fill them with traditional Chinese medicine such as mugwort, realgar, and wormwood, or with whole herbs and spices like rosemary, cinnamon, cloves, and star anise.
You can use essential oils, oil fragrances, or perfumes to scent your Chinese perfume pouch. Some popular essential oil scents include Agarwood, Madurai Jasmine, Desi Gulab Rose, Mysore Sandalwood, Nagpuri Orange, and Patchouli Vanilla.
Depending on the type of scent and how much you use, the fragrance in a Chinese perfume pouch can last anywhere from 2-3 weeks to up to 9 months. When the scent starts to fade, you can refresh it by adding a few more drops of your favourite essential oil.











































