Cologne's Karnevalsvereine: A Vibrant Carnival Community

The Karneval in Cologne, Germany, is a huge celebration, attracting millions of visitors each year. The festival is made up of a series of street parties, parades, and events, and is considered the biggest Karneval in the country. The Karneval spirit is so important to the city that politicians running for local office are expected to be affiliated with a Karnevalsverein or Karneval cooperative. These groups are similar to fraternities or sororities and are fundamental to the social structure of the city. They host their own events throughout the season, from small affairs to large-scale celebrations in city stadiums.

What is the history of Karnevalsverein?

The history of Karnevalsverein is rooted in the ancient traditions of celebrating the end of winter and the arrival of spring. During Roman times, for instance, people along the Rhine worshipped their wine god, Dionysus, with a festival of drinking, laughter, and freedom to criticise authorities without repercussions. This festival, along with other ancient European festivals, served as the foundation for the Carnival traditions that emerged in the Middle Ages.

In the early 19th century, Carnival was institutionalised in the regions along the Rhine, which were then governed by the Prussians. During this time, Carnival became a form of protest and satire, with people dressing up in Prussian military uniforms. This tradition has been passed down to the contemporary Carnival clubs, which often have their own "regiments" and military banners, complete with marching bands and powdered wigs.

The first modern Carnival parade took place in Cologne in 1823, marking the founding of the Cologne Carnival Festival Committee. This event is considered the beginning of the Karnevalsverein or Karneval Cooperatives, which are well-organised groups similar to fraternities or sororities. These societies host their own events, including small gatherings and massive celebrations in city stadiums, during the main Carnival season from November until the last week of Carnival.

Karnevalsverein are an integral part of the Carnival celebrations in Cologne, contributing to the unique spirit and energy of the festival. They are also fundamental to the social structure of the city, with politicians typically being affiliated with a Karnevalsverein to gain support from the people.

What are the key traditions of Karnevalsverein?

Cologne is home to a vibrant and unique Carnival culture, with traditions that are deeply ingrained in the city's history and proudly upheld by its many Karnevalsvereine, or Carnival clubs/societies. These societies play a pivotal role in organizing and preserving the ancient rituals and celebrations of Carnival, also known as the "Fifth Season" in Cologne.

Session Start:

Karnevalsverein Traditions:

The traditions and rituals of Karneval in Cologne have evolved over centuries and are steeped in a rich cultural heritage. Karnevalsvereine in Cologne diligently preserve and celebrate these customs, which include:

• The Session: The Carnival season officially starts on November 11th at 11:11 am. This marks the beginning of the "Session," a period of celebration and joy that lasts until Ash Wednesday, which is the beginning of Lent. During this time, the Karnevalsvereine organize numerous events, parties, and balls, creating a festive atmosphere throughout the city.
• Costumes and Masks: Wearing costumes and masks is a central tradition of Karneval. Members of the Karnevalsvereine don creative and elaborate outfits, often satirizing current events, celebrities, or political figures. This tradition allows for equalization and freedom, as social differences are temporarily forgotten during the festivities.
• Parades: Spectacular parades are a highlight of the Carnival season. The Karnevalsvereine organize and participate in these parades, which feature floats, marching bands, and costumed participants. The largest and most famous parade takes place on Rose Monday, filling the streets of Cologne with music, dance, and revelry.
• Carnival Princes and Princesses: Each Karnevalsverein elects a Carnival Prince and Princess, who serve as the figureheads and ambassadors of their society during the session. They represent their club at various events and parades, embodying the spirit of Carnival and spreading joy and cheer.
• Sessions and Parties: Karnevalsvereine host numerous sessions and parties, known as "Sitzungen," throughout the season. These events feature music, comedy sketches, and performances by members of the society. They are a time for members to come together, socialize, and celebrate the unique culture of Carnival.
• Awards and Honors: Karnevalsvereine often present awards and honors to outstanding members or individuals who have contributed significantly to the Carnival culture. These awards recognize dedication, creativity, and service to the preservation of Carnival traditions.
• Carnival Songs and Dances: Traditional Carnival songs and dances are an integral part of the celebrations. Members of the Karnevalsvereine learn and perform these lively and humorous songs, with dances often involving unique, choreographed steps.

The Karnevalsvereine of Cologne are the guardians of the city's Carnival traditions, ensuring that the spirit of celebration and community endures for future generations. Their dedication to upholding these customs creates a sense of unity and joy that is distinctly felt in Cologne during the Fifth Season.

What are the important days of Karnevalsverein?

The important days of Karnevalsverein are the days of the Karneval festival in Cologne, Germany. Here is a summary of the key events:

Weiberfastnacht (Thursday)

Weiberfastnacht, or Women's Carnival Day, is the unofficial start of the Karneval street celebrations. Married women, known as 'Möhnen', storm the town hall, cut men's ties, and take power. It is also known as 'Schwerdonnerstag' (heavy Thursday), 'Fetter Donnerstag' (fat Thursday), or 'Schmutziger Donnerstag' (dirty Thursday). This day also involves the slaughter of animals and the making of deep-fried Carnival cakes and doughnuts for the last time before Lent.

Rosenmontag (Monday)

Rosenmontag, or Rose Monday, is the highlight of the Karneval season. Colourful floats wind their way through the towns of the Rhineland. At the processions in Cologne and Düsseldorf, sweets, popcorn, and crisps are thrown to the crowds.

Veilchendienstag (Tuesday)

After the heavy partying of the previous days, Shrove Tuesday is a quieter affair. Life-sized straw figures are hung in front of bars, restaurants, and houses in preparation for the ceremonial burning of the Nubbel, or Nubbelverbrennung, to atone for the revellers' transgressions during Karneval.

The Karneval season as a whole is known as the 'fifth season' in the Rhineland area. It begins on 11 November at 11:11 am and ends on Ash Wednesday, the start of Lent. The high point of the festival is a five-day stretch from Silly Thursday to Fat Tuesday.

What are the best places to party during Karnevalsverein?

Cologne is a city renowned for its vibrant and energetic Karneval celebrations, with an extensive list of venues and places to enjoy the festivities. Here is a guide to some of the best places to party during Karnevalsverein in Cologne:

The Old Town:

Cologne's Old Town (Altstadt) transforms into a bustling hub of carnival activity. The narrow, cobblestone streets echo with the sound of music and laughter as revelers move from bar to bar. Brauhäuser (brewery pubs) like Früh am Dom and Peters offer a unique atmosphere, serving local Kölsch beer and traditional Carnival dishes. The Old Town is perfect for those seeking a diverse and vibrant party experience, with options ranging from cozy pubs to lively dance bars.

Kölner Karnevalszug:

The Kölner Karnevalszug, or the Cologne Carnival Parade, is an iconic event and a must-attend for party-goers. This spectacular procession winds its way through the city, with floats, marching bands, and costumed participants filling the streets with color and music. The parade route becomes one big party, with spectators dancing, singing, and enjoying the festive atmosphere. Join the crowds along the route, or opt for a grandstand seat for a more comfortable experience.

Clubs and Live Music Venues:

Cologne boasts an impressive selection of clubs and live music venues that come alive during Karnevalsverein. Clubs like Bootshaus and Gewölbe offer an unforgettable party experience with renowned DJs, state-of-the-art sound systems, and vibrant lighting effects. For a more intimate setting, check out smaller venues like Club Bahnhof Ehrenfeld (CBE) or Artheater, which host live concerts and themed carnival parties. These venues cater to a variety of musical tastes, ensuring that everyone can find their perfect carnival groove.

Carnival Balls and Masked Galas:

Attending a traditional carnival ball or masked gala is a unique way to experience Karnevalsverein. These elegant events, held in venues like the Maritim Hotel or the Gürzenich, offer a blend of tradition and revelry. Don your finest attire or a creative costume and join in the sophisticated fun. These balls often feature live music, elaborate decorations, and themed performances, providing a memorable and glamorous carnival experience.

Zülpicher Straße:

Nicknamed the "Kölner Ringe," Zülpicher Straße is a street renowned for its student-centric nightlife. During Karnevalsverein, this area becomes a hotspot for carnival celebrations, with bars and clubs offering special events and themed parties. The atmosphere is youthful and energetic, making it ideal for those seeking an affordable and lively party scene. Join the street parties, indulge in creative cocktails, and dance the night away with fellow revelers.

Kölner Südstadt:

Explore the charming neighborhood of Kölner Südstadt, located south of the Old Town, for a slightly more relaxed yet equally festive atmosphere. Bars and pubs in this area, such as Südstadt Original and Schmelztiegel, attract a mix of locals and students, creating a vibrant and friendly ambiance. The Südstadt is known for its unique carnival traditions, including quirky local customs and intimate street parties that offer a more authentic and off-the-beaten-path carnival experience.

Whether you're seeking the vibrant energy of the Old Town, the glamour of carnival balls, or the pulsating beats of clubs, Cologne has something for every party enthusiast during Karnevalsverein. Immerse yourself in the local traditions, embrace the spirit of revelry, and create unforgettable memories at these top party destinations.

What are the do's and don'ts of Karnevalsverein?

Karnevalsvereine are social clubs that organise and host events during the carnival season in Cologne. The carnival, known locally as the "fifth season", is a huge deal in the city, and these clubs form a fundamental part of its social structure.

Dos

• Do wear a costume. This is an essential part of the carnival experience. Costumes can be simple, like a wig or a hat, or more elaborate, like a handmade group costume. The most common costume is a jecke, or clown. You'll also see lots of multi-coloured wigs, cowboys, tutu skirts, animal jumpsuits and pirate costumes. Red and white are the colours of Cologne, so expect to see a lot of stripes!
• Do learn the local greeting, "Kölle Alaaf!". This is the primary phrase to know before attending the carnival. It translates as "Cologne Above All Else".
• Do learn some of the local songs. There are over 10,000 songs about Cologne and the carnival on Spotify, and new ones are added each year. Try to learn the chorus lyrics of some of the most popular songs, like "Stadt mit K", "Nie Mehr Fastenlovend" and "Kölsche Jung".
• Do try some of the local food and drink. In the local dialect, "Kamelle" refers to caramels, which are thrown during the parade, but it can also mean candy, paper flowers or animals.
• Do join in with the Schunkeln, or swinging arm-in-arm.

Don'ts

• Don't shout "Helau" in Cologne. This is the greeting used in Mainz, and locals will take offence.
• Don't confuse carnival with Fastnacht, which takes place in the south of Germany and involves scary costumes and masks.
• Don't wear a blackface costume. This was common in the past, but is now unacceptable. Similarly, avoid any outfits with a terrorist or military theme.
• Don't forget to say "stop" when you've finished your beer. In Cologne, the "Köbes", or bartender, will keep serving you beer unless you tell them to stop, or place a beer mat on top of your glass.
• Don't shout "Kamelle!" when the parade is stopped. The tradition is that sweets are only thrown when the parade is moving.

Frequently asked questions