Aroma Candles And Hives: Are Your Children At Risk?

Aromatic candles are a popular household item, often used to improve or mask unpleasant odours, as well as for decoration and relaxation. However, there is growing concern about the potential health risks associated with their use, particularly in children. While some sources claim that candles release harmful toxins, others argue that the levels of these toxins are too low to pose a significant threat. In this article, we will explore the evidence for and against the claim that aroma candles can cause hives in children and provide guidance on how to minimise any potential risks.

Scented candles can trigger allergy-like symptoms in children

The fragrances that are present in most candles are the usual culprits that trigger allergic responses. The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) has indicated that over 5,000 different fragrances and innumerable combinations of those fragrances are used in today’s popular fragranced candles. Symptoms of allergic reactions can include headaches, dizziness, a runny nose, sneezing, and skin reactions such as hives.

In addition, scented candles emit harmful volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The fragrance oils also soften the wax, so the candle does not burn cleanly, and thus, more black soot is emitted than is released from unscented candles. Soot particles can travel deep into our lungs, exacerbating respiratory illness and disease. They also contain phthalates, which can damage many organs in the body, as well as benzene and toluene, which are known carcinogens.

Therefore, if candles must be purchased, unscented versions are safer. However, it is important to note that candles, whether scented or unscented, still represent a fire hazard. Burning any type of candle can release chemicals that may be harmful to human health, especially in children.

The chemicals in candles can be harmful to children

Aromatic candles can cause hives in children, and this is due to the chemicals present in them. While scented candles are popular items that many families use inside their homes, they can also be harmful.

Candles contain a wide variety of different chemicals, and exposure to these chemicals can be irritating to the airways, especially for children with underlying allergies or asthma. In fact, allergies and asthma affect roughly 20-30% of all children. These conditions cause inflammation of the upper and lower airways, making them very sensitive. Any fragrant product, regardless of how 'natural' it is, can irritate the airways.

In addition, scented candles are known to emit harmful volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs are carbon compounds that easily turn into gas at room temperature. Some VOCs, like formaldehyde and benzene, are potentially carcinogenic. These compounds can be released into the air when candles are burned, and they can be inhaled, causing respiratory issues.

Furthermore, the fragrance oils in candles can soften the wax, leading to the release of more black soot than unscented candles. This soot can damage homes and furnishings and also impact human health. Soot particles can travel deep into our lungs, exacerbating respiratory illnesses and diseases.

While there is no conclusive evidence that scented candles directly cause hives in children, the chemicals they release can certainly irritate the skin and airways, potentially triggering allergic reactions, including hives. Therefore, it is advisable to limit the use of scented candles, especially around children, and to opt for safer alternatives like beeswax, soy, or palm oil-based candles, which burn cleaner and are generally non-toxic and non-allergenic.

Children with asthma should avoid candles

While scented candles are popular items that many families use to eliminate foul-smelling areas, they can be harmful to children with asthma. Candles and air fresheners contain a wide variety of different chemicals that can be released into the air. While these products are generally safe for people without underlying medical conditions, they can irritate the airways of children with asthma, causing inflammation of the upper and lower airways. Inhalation of these particles can cause both chronic and acute symptoms, including asthma exacerbation.

It is recommended that families with children who have asthma avoid using scented candles and opt for safer alternatives. Instead, they can use beeswax, soy, or palm oil candles, which burn cleaner and are generally non-toxic and non-allergenic. It is also important to increase ventilation in rooms where candles are burning and to avoid direct drafts on the candles.

In addition to candles, children with asthma should also avoid other fragrant products, such as aerosol sprays, which can irritate their airways and trigger asthma symptoms. Families should limit the use of scented products throughout the home and avoid direct exposure, especially in the child's sleeping environment.

Overall, while scented candles may not be directly linked to causing hives in children, they can pose a serious health risk to children with asthma, and it is best to avoid their use in homes with children who have this condition.

Candles made with essential oils are less likely to cause hives

While candles can be a great way to create a relaxing ambiance, it's important to be cautious when using them, especially around children. Scented candles, in particular, have been linked to various health concerns, including allergies, asthma, and respiratory issues. The good news is that candles made with essential oils are a healthier alternative and are less likely to cause hives.

The Problem with Scented Candles

Fragrances added to candles can emit harmful volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These compounds can irritate the airways and trigger allergic reactions, leading to symptoms such as sneezing, coughing, and skin rashes. Additionally, the fragrance oils can soften the wax, resulting in the release of more black soot, which can damage your home and furnishings and harm your health.

The Benefits of Essential Oils

Essential oils, on the other hand, offer a more natural approach to scenting your space. They have been used for hundreds of years and are known for their therapeutic properties. Essential oils like lavender, peppermint, and chamomile have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial characteristics, which can help alleviate skin issues like hives. They can be used in diffusers, ring burners, or even added to your bath for a soothing experience.

Making Your Own Essential Oil Candles

If you want to ensure your candles are free from toxic ingredients, you can make them yourself using essential oils. Here are some tips to get you started:

• Choose a non-toxic, plant-based wax like soy wax flakes or beeswax. Paraffin wax, a petroleum byproduct, is best avoided due to its questionable nature.
• Select the right wick size to prevent issues like candle tunneling or an overly large flame. For essential oil candles, a smaller wick is recommended due to the lower flash point of essential oils.
• Pick suitable containers made of heat-resistant materials such as glass, enamel, or tin. Avoid non-heat-resistant materials like plastic or delicate glassware.
• Use essential oils with higher flash points (above 150°F) and strong aromas, such as lavender or tobacco patchouli blends.
• Measure your ingredients carefully, including the wax and essential oil. Most candle makers recommend starting with 6% or 1 ounce of fragrance per pound of wax.
• Melt the wax at the right temperature (around 185°F) and add your essential oils when the wax cools down to 160°F.
• Heat your candle container gently to help the wax adhere better.
• Place a wick sticker at the bottom of the wick and center it in the container, using a wick holder to keep it in place.
• Pour the wax slowly into your container when it reaches 100-130°F to prevent issues like cratering and sinkholes.
• Allow your candle to cure for at least 24 hours or up to 3-5 days before lighting it.

Precautions

While essential oils offer a healthier alternative, it's important to use them with caution. Always dilute essential oils with a carrier oil before applying them to the skin, especially when using them to treat hives. Additionally, some essential oils, like lemon or other citrus-based oils, can cause photosensitivity, so avoid direct sunlight after application. Keep essential oils out of the reach of children and pets, and always consult a qualified aromatherapist or a reliable source for guidance on safe usage.

Well-ventilated areas are best for burning candles

While candles can be a great way to add a sense of luxury and tranquility to a space, it's important to take certain precautions to ensure their safe use. One of the most important precautions is to always burn candles in a well-ventilated area.

Burning candles release hydrocarbons, specifically toluene and benzene, into the air. While these compounds are only harmful in large quantities, they can cause eye, nose, throat, and skin irritation, as well as headaches, dizziness, confusion, and anxiety. Additionally, the fragrance oils in scented candles can irritate the airways, especially for individuals with allergies or asthma. In some cases, scented candles have also been linked to allergic reactions and asthma attacks. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure proper ventilation when burning candles to prevent a buildup of these compounds in the air.

To achieve good ventilation, avoid burning candles near fans, air conditioners, open windows, or crowded areas. Airflow can disturb the flame, leading to uneven burning, sooting, and excessive dripping. Instead, opt for a well-ventilated room that is removed from anything flammable and where the air is still. This will help prevent the buildup of harmful compounds and reduce the risk of fire.

In addition to proper ventilation, there are several other safety guidelines to follow when burning candles. Firstly, always trim the wick to 1/4 inch before lighting the candle. This helps prevent the wick from becoming unstable and producing a dangerously large flame. Secondly, avoid burning candles for longer than four hours at a time. This will help prevent the wick from "mushrooming," which can also lead to an unstable flame. Thirdly, choose candles made from natural waxes such as beeswax, soy, or palm oil, as these burn cleaner and longer than paraffin wax candles. Finally, never leave a burning candle unattended and keep it out of reach of children and pets.

By following these safety guidelines, especially burning candles in well-ventilated areas, individuals can reduce the potential health risks associated with candle use and safely enjoy the ambiance and fragrance they provide.

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